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| Heterotopic ossification ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Heterotopic ossification
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the process by which bone tissue forms outside of the skeleton.
==Causes==
Heterotopic ossification of varying severity can be caused by surgery or trauma to the hips and legs. About every third patient who has total hip arthoplasty (joint replacement) or a severe fracture of the long bones of the lower leg will develop heterotopic ossification, but is uncommonly symptomatic. Between 50% and 90% of patients who developed heterotopic ossification following a previous hip arthoplasty will develop additional heterotopic ossification.
Heterotopic ossification often develops in patients with traumatic brain or spinal cord injuries, other severe neurologic disorders or severe burns, most commonly around the hips. The mechanism is unknown. This may account for the clinical impression that traumatic brain injuries cause accelerated fracture healing.
There are also genetic disorders causing heterotopic ossification, most strikingly fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, a rare genetic disorder that causes injured bodily tissues to be replaced by heterotopic bone. Characteristically exhibiting in the big toe at birth, it causes the formation of heterotopic bone throughout the body over the course of the sufferer's life, causing chronic pain and eventually leading to the immobilisation and fusion of most of the skeleton by abnormal growths of bone.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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